What genetic condition is associated with ataxia in pediatric patients?

Ataxia is a neurological condition that can manifest as uncoordinated movements, and among the listed options, Fragile X syndrome is notably associated with ataxia in pediatric patients. This condition arises from a mutation in the FMR1 gene, leading to a range of developmental issues, including intellectual disabilities and various motor dysfunctions. Children with Fragile X syndrome may exhibit signs of ataxia due to the impact of the disorder on coordination and balance, which can be attributed to neurological impairment.

In contrast, the other genetic conditions listed, while they have their own unique features and associated symptoms, do not primarily present with ataxia. Down syndrome is characterized by cognitive impairment and distinct physical features but does not typically include ataxia as a hallmark symptom. Turner syndrome primarily affects females and is associated with short stature and infertility, while Klinefelter syndrome, which occurs in males, involves symptoms related to testosterone levels and may include developmental delays, but ataxia is not a prominent feature of these syndromes. Therefore, the association of ataxia with Fragile X syndrome makes it the most appropriate answer in this context.